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Poachers Caught

Wednesday, April 6th, 2011

There was a shootout. Andy and I weren’t there, but we learned through satellite text messages that Colonel Gui and his soldiers from the Congolese army ran into the bandits somewhere between Kisangani and Obenge. They were likely the brothers of Colonel Toms, a convicted war criminal and poacher,. A gunfight ensued. One poacher was injured and two others were apprehended. Colonel Gui, with his prisoners in tow, is still coming to Obenge to route out poachers in the region. We should see them tomorrow.

I got the news during a four-day sampling hike through TL2 with Andy and the scientist John Hart. But let me back up. After Kisangani, which is where I last blogged, we flew to Kindu, a town on the border of the 25,000 square mile jungle known as TL2. It’s the region Elephant Ivory Project-lead Samuel Wasser wants elephant dung samples from most (read the previous posts to understand why). From Kindu, the three of us spent two days on the back of motorbikes, riding dirt paths notched into the jungle and savannah. These paths are arteries out of the bush. We saw locals pushing bicycles loaded with everything from pineapples to bush meat in the form of monkeys and okapi, a striped cousin of the giraffe. At the Lomami River, we loaded into motorized pirogues for a supposed two-day trip north to Obenge, the Hart‚Äôs research camp in the northern part of the proposed Lomami National Park. John stopped at every riverside village‚Äîabout a dozen–to explain what the national park meant for the locals.

“When the park is made official, you will only be able to hunt on the west side of the river,” he told them. Most people seemed okay with the news. But at one fishing camp, by a hippo pool John said would be one of the park’s main attractions, we were met with a different reaction.

In a cage made with saplings there were 80 parrots; a monkey head was grilling over a fire nearby. The birds, trapped in a wildlife reserve, were to be sold illegally on the exotic bird market. After hours of heated discussion with the lead trapper, a man with a CITES permit authorizing live collections in a different region of Congo (not the reserve), John called Congo’s wildlife management agency. They’re sending agents to the camp to shut down the operation.

The tragic news is the poachers had already spooked the hippos out of their pool, and the animals are unlikely to return anytime soon. And as we left the pool, we saw a lone hippo swimming in the middle of the river.

‚ÄúHe‚Äôs got to swim 50 miles upstream to find more suitable habitat,‚Äù John said. ‚ÄúThat’s a long shot.‚Äù

We made it to Obenge five days ago. It’s a 200-person village so remote the buildings are built entirely from bush materials. The walls are mud, the roofs thatch, and the stoves open fires. Most people hunt and fish for a living but 15 locals work for the Harts as scientific assistants and laborers. John dedicated all of them to helping the Elephant Ivory Project.

After an evening relaxing and eating fish and rice around smoky fires, we woke early to head into the bush in search of elephants. John split the crew. He sent six people to the west to sample elephant dung while Andy, John and I sampled along the river. For four days, we bushwhacked on paths that John’s team created two years ago. They had deteriorated into thorny tunnels through the bush and with 60 pound packs, even though the terrain is flat, it took us all day to hike just 10 kilometers. There are ungodly numbers of bees and ants in the Congolese jungle. One night, so many fire ants raided our camp we couldn‚Äôt leave our tents to pee‚Äîdon‚Äôt ask what we did. We saw a horned viper and heard the call of a new species of monkey, the Lesula, which the Hart‚Äôs identified two years ago. But we saw no elephants. John explained why at a clearing created by foraging elephants. It was beginning to grow back.

 

John, who hiked Andy and I into exhaustion.

 

 

“The amount of vegetation growing in around the edges tells me it has been at least a decade since elephants have passed through here,” John said. “Part of that’s because of poaching, but part of it’s because TL2 is the size of West Virginia. Elephants could be anywhere.”

We returned to Obenge last night, and though comforted by hot plate of rice and beans, we couldn’t help feeling a little defeated and a lot exhausted. We’d been in Congo for three weeks and didn’t have a single sample to show for it. There is some good news though. That night, the second team returned to camp with five vials of dung. They’d headed farther in the jungle and located elephants. It’s a relief. We’re taking tomorrow off to rest. The next stage of the expedition depends largely on the situation with Colonel Gui and his prisoners. We’ll fill you in on that story, and the story of Moses the cross-burner poacher, when John returns to Kisangani at the end of the week. Stay tuned by following us on twitter @EPFilmsTV and @amaser. Pictures from the expedition and an account from Andy coming early next week.

–Trip Jennings and Kyle Dickman

Thanks very much to Terese Hart and the Bonobo in Congo Project for the photos.

Off to Kisangani

Monday, March 21st, 2011

It’s been a fortunate few days. We arrived in Kinshasa on Monday exhausted from 36 hours of transit and found the Congo just as hot as we left it two years ago. On Tuesday morning, we met with Dr. Terese Hart, a 30-year veteran of conservation in the DRC. Terese first came to the country as a Peace Corp volunteer in 1974. She‚Äôs now in her tenth year studying bonobos, an ape found only in the DRC, in a 25,000-square mile block of forest known as TL2. The region’s an elephant sanctuary on paper but animals are disappearing there faster than ever.

“Research here leads to advocacy because it’s all being destroyed,” says Hart.

To that end, she brought bad news. TL2, one of the four conservation areas we hoped to sample, has come under threat of a notoriously violent poacher and rapist: Colonel Toms. A decade earlier, Toms was sentenced to 20 years in a maximum-security prison for crimes against humanity. He recently escaped and restarted his poaching operations in TL2. MONUC, the UN’s DRC specific security force, has made a commitment to apprehend the Colonel, but no action has been taken yet. It’s like the Wild West. Stability means a calm between warring bandits and rebel groups.

“In many cases, elephant are poached for their meat. Their ivory is sold to buy weapons,” says Hart.

She had come to Kinshasa from her home in Kisangani in part, to speak with the Administrative General of the ICCN, the DRC’s equivalent of a wildlife management agency. She wanted to garner support from the government to get Colonel Toms re-arrested. She also had work to do to make TL2′s designation as a National Park official. Depending on when President Kabila signs the proposition into law, it may happen as soon as this year. Lucky for us, we needed Cosma Wilungula Balongelwa’s approval to make the Elephant Ivory Project a success; and Terese‚Äôs French is better than ours.

With Balongelwa’s blessing, we’re heading some 500 miles up the Congo River to Kisangani tomorrow morning. Terese and her husband John, a researcher in Kisangani for three decades, will decide if the bandit situation is safe enough for Andy and I to go via motorbike 225 miles south to TL2. If it isn’t, we’ll head north to Maiko National Park, another un-sampled area. For Dr. Samual Wasser, the director of the University of Washington’s Center for Conservation Biology and the reason we’re here, TL2 may be the most important of the remaining un-sampled regions in the DRC.

Wasser has scat samples from elephants across most of Africa, and in the regions he doesn’t, he’s able to estimate the genetics of un-sampled populations using a technique known as genetic smoothing. The technique’s success depends upon the distribution of populations Wasser has reference samples from. Elephants that live close together share more genes.

“I have samples from elephants in Salongo National Park in western DRC and Virunga National Park in the east.” says Wasser. The parks are 600 miles apart. TL2 sits right between them. “If I can get samples from TL2, I can estimate with much greater accuracy the genetics of elephants all across the DRC.”

Which could translate into less poaching. If Terese and John decide it’s safe enough to head into the bush, we’ll spend three weeks in TL2 collecting 30 samples for 30 different elephant groups. We’re boarding a plane for Kisangani this morning and will let you if we’re going in as soon as we find out. Huge thanks to the Center for Conservation Biology, the Lukuru Foundation, and the Harts. As always, follow our progress on the Spot Messenger Maphere at the Elephant Ivory Project and our tweets at @EPfilmsTV and @amaser.

–Trip Jenning and Kyle Dickman

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Thursday, March 10th, 2011

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